Speedometer.



PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

i No. 825.295.

L. E. BLANGHARD.

SPEEDOMETER. APPLICATION FILED unis. 1905,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' fizz/ awk.

PATENTE J L. E. BLANOHARD.

SPBEDGMETBR. APPLmATI g FILED MAY26, 1005.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 825.295. PATENTED JULYIO, 1906. L. E. BLANGHARD.

SPEEDOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED JULY 10, 1-906.

L. E. BLANOHARD.

SPEEDOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25. 1905.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

LII.

earner orrron LEON ELAN SHARE). OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TU ilh'tl COldPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHU- HEP.

No. 825,295. fi necification of Application filed y To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, LEON Btalvcimnn, a citizen of the United States, residing in Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Speedometers, of which the follow,- ing description, in connection with the ac companying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. 1

This invention relates to a speedometer especially adapted for use on automobiles and like vehicles, and has for its object to provide a simple and efficient instrument by means of which the speed of'the vehicle may be denoted and the distance traveled i11dicated or.registered. For this purpose the instrument is provided with a dial having on it preferably two scales or sets of graduations, with which cooperate pointers or indexes, one pointer cooperating with one set of graduations to indicate the speed of the vehicle and the other pointer cooperating with the other set of-graduations to indicate the mileage or distance traveled. A registering mechanism may also be provided to register the distance traveled, which has a. greater range than the distance graduzitions on the dial. Provision is made for setting one of the pointers to zero, as will be described. These and other features of thisl invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents a portion of an automobile provided with a speedometer embodying this invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation, and Fig. 3 avertical section, of the speedome ter shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a plan view of a speedometer shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 5, a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the speedometer shown in Fig. 2 with the pointers and dial removed; Fig. 6, a horizontal section on the i line 6 6, Fig. 2; and Fig. 7, a detail in elevation with parts omitted to be referred to;

" Fig. 8, a side elevation looking toward the l right in Fig. 3; Figs. 9 and 10, details in plan, on an enlarged scale, to more clearly illusl trate the operation of the apparatus. l

i Referring to the drawings, (t represents a 5 vehicle, such as an automobile, which is provided with a speedometer operatively connected with one of its wheels I). The speedonieter referred to in accordance with this i Letters Iatent. Patented July 10, 1906.

25,1905. Serial No. 282,168.

invention is provided with a dial 0, (see Fig. 4,) having two scales or sets of graduations, herein shown as lines d and dots e, which are concentrically arranged about the dial.

The graduations (Z e indicate predetermined distances-sueh, for instance, as miles-and have cooperating with them two pointers or indexesf g, the movement of one of which, as g, is controlled by a governor, as will be described, operated from a main shaft h, driven from a wheel I) of the vehicle by a flexible shaft i or in any other suitable manner, while the movement of the other pointer f is effected from the main shaft, as will be described. The governor referred to may he made as herein shown and consists of a plurality of weights 7', herein represented as three in number, to which'are pivotally attached one end of links or levers is m, (see Figs. 2, 6, and 7,) having their other ends pivotally connected to collars a 0 on a shaft 2), which is driven from the main shaft h b a pinion q and gear 1*. (Shown best in Fig. :6.) The collar 0 is fast on the shaft ,1), while the collar n is loose thereon, and when the shaft p is stationary the levers or links'k m are brought into substantially a straight line .(see Figs. 7, 8, and 9) by a helical spring 10, which encircles the shaft p and bears against the collars a 0. As the shaft p is rotated the weights 7' are thrown outward by'centrifdgal force, as represented in Figs. 7 and 10, and the levers or links Z: m assume a position at an angle to each other and move the loose collar n toward the fast collar 0 against the action of the spring 10. The loose collar n constitutes a movable member of the govj ernor and has cooperating with it a lever 12,

(see Figs. 3, 6, 7, 9, and 10,) iivotally m ninted on a post 13 and provided, as shown, with a stud or projection 14, which is held in engagement with the collar a by a spring 15, (see Figs. 3 and 9,) which encircles the post 13 and is connected with the lever 12. The lever 12 controls the movement'of the pointer g, which may be effected as herein shown, and for this purpose the' lever 12 has cooperating with it a rod or pin 17, (see Figs. 9 and 10,) depending from a crank or, arm 18 on a vertical rock-shaft 19, provided with a segmental gear 20, which meshes with a pinion 21 on a shaft 22, carrying the pointer g.

The shaft 22 is rotated in one direction by i IOG a spring 23 encircling it and is rotated in the opposite direction by thegovernor-spring 10. A spring 123, which encircles the shaft 22, acts to take up the backlash and steady the movement of the pointer g. The spring 23 is permitted to act by the lever 12 moving away from the depending'pin or rod 17, which takes place when the governormoves the loose collar n in the direction indicated by the arrow 30 in Figs. 6, 7, and 10. It will therefore be seen that the movement of thepointer g is directly responsive to the rest the 15 speed of the shaft k, that when said shaft is at pointer g registers with the zero graduation of the inner scale 6, that rotation of the shaft k effects movement of the pointer g over the scale e, that the extent of movement of the pointer is dependent upon the speed of that the position of the rotation of the shaft h and of the vehicle, and pointer. corresponds 'to' the speed of the vehicle at any given time,

1 and therefor I prefer to designate the pointer -Inay be designated the as the rate-indicator.- The ointer 9 d1stance-1nd1cator,

as its function is to indicate the distance For this purpose the said .pointer is intermittently operated,

" eled by the ve being moved step by step with relation to the second scale or set of graduations ,d. It is designed .to have the pointer f move the dis- ,tance of one aduation for each miletrav- Thole, and this result is accomplished, as herein shown, by mechanism as will now be described. For this purpose the .on whic 3,)andlocate hol in by springs 42 43.

pointer f is frictionally mounted on the hub 35 of a car 36, concentric with the shaft 22, the ointer g is mounted, (see Fig.

d between the dial 0 and a top or front plate or disk 37 of the supportingfrarrie' of the instrument. The ear 36 has 006 crating with it a push-paw 4 0 and a -pawl 41, (see Fig.- 5,) which are nor-. eld in engagement with the said gear The push-pawl 40 is pivoted to a lever 44, which is pivoted at 4.5 to the plate 37 and has one arm 46 connected a crank or arm 47 to a rock-shaft 48, provided with a depending crank or arm 49, (see Figs. 3, 8, 9, and 10,) which is extended into the path of movement of a stud or pin 50, projecting fromone face of a gear 51, which is 'driven from the main shaft h. For this mally purpose the main shaft is provided with a pinioh 55, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) which meshes gear 62 on a shaft 63,

64 in mesh with the gear 51. The train of gears just described is so proportioned and arranged that the gear 51 is caused to make one complete revolution for each mile traveled by the vehicle.

During each revolution of l 'direc'tion'indicated by the the gear 51 in-the the-stud of pin SO engages arrow: 53 thereon the crank or arm 49 and rocks the shaft 48 against the action of a spring 54, (see Figs. 2 and 8,) so as to cause the crank or arm 47 to turn the pawl-carryinglever 44 in the direc-. tion indicated by the arrow 66, Fig. 5, thereby moving the push-pawl 40 backward a sufficient distance toengage the next succeeding tooth ofthe gear 36, so that when the stud or pin passes out of engagementwith the arm 49 the spring 54 will rotate the rockshaft in the opposite direction, and thereby move the pointer f over the dial 0 one gradu ation of the 'set or scale (1. Provision is made for preventing the pointer f being moved more than one graduation for each revolution of the gear 51, and this is accomplished, as herein shown, by means of an arm 72 on the lever 44, which is arranged to be interposed into the path of movement of the ear 36 at or about the time the pushpawl 40 has reached the end of its forward movement and the gear .36 has been moved the distance of one tooth by the sprin 54. It will thus be seen that the push-paw advances the pointer f step by step and that the said pointer remains in the position into which it is moved until the stud or pin 50 again operates the crank or arm 49, which takes place at each mile traveled by the vehicle. It will also be seen that in the apparatus as thus far described two distinct readings are obtainedto wit, one indicative of the speed or rate at which the vehicle is trav-' eling, given by the pointer g, and the other indicative of the distance covered by the vehicle, given by the pointer The dial 0', provided with the distance-indicating scale or set of graduations d,is limited to a given number of graduations, depending upon the size of the dial and the space between the graduations. In order to provide for a more extended indication of the distance traveled, a second distance registering or indicating device is provided, which comprises a series of disks 75, having numbers on their periphery ar ranged from 0 to 9 and which are mounted on the rock-shaft 48 in a manner as is well understood, so that the units disk or wheel is operated step by step for each complete revolution of the gear51 and the tensdisk or Wheel is rotated one step for each com' plete revolution of the units wheel or disk, &c. The registering or counter mechanism just described is not herein shown in detail, as its construction is .well understood. It will thus be seen that a double indication or registration of the mileage or distance traveled is obtained, one registering mechanism indicating a limited distance, shown in the present instance as a hundred miles, and the other indicating the aggregate or total dis tance traveled. The latter mechanism may be referred to as the totalizer.

Provision is'made for setting the pointerf 13c to zero, which may be desired when starting on a run or trip, and for this purpose I have provided a hand-operated shaft 80, (see Fig. 5,) supported in suitable bearings under the plate 37 and provided, as hereinshown, with a spur gear or pinion 81, which is normally ilisengaged from the gear 36 by aspring- 82, [but which is adapted to be engaged t rerefivith by longitudinal movement of the shaft s '80. When the pinion 81 is engaged with the gear 3'6, the locking pawl or arm 72 is disengaged from said gear, which may be effected, as herein shown, by the shaft 80 engaging a rod s4, attached -to a sliding plate 85, having I 5 spin or stud 86, which extends through an "ripening 87in the plate 37 and engages the arm 46 of the pawl-carrying lever, so that lgngitudinal movement of the sliding bar 85 in l'lhe'direction indicated by the arrow 90,

Fig. 5, turns the lever 44 so as to disengage q ,theflocking arm or pawl 72 from the gear 36, iihd thus leaves the latter free to be turned b rotation of the shaft 80 to place the pointer the zero indication on the scaled.

5 .1 have herein shown one construction of apparatus embodying thisinvention but I do not desire to limit my invention-to the particular construction shown. So, also, I have described my invention for use with vehicles but} do not desire to limit my invention in this res set, as the instrument'is equally well adapte for use with other rotatable devices onmechanisms whose speed it is desired to 5 In operation with the apparatus herein 3 shown the parts normally occupy the ositions represented in Figs. 2, 4, and 6. l hen the vehicle is in motion, the rotation of the wheel I), through the connecting mechanism o 91, produces rotation of the shaft h, which shaft, throughthe gears r q, rotates the shaft p at a speed corresponding to the speed of the \iehicle. As the shaft is rotated the weights of the centrifugal governor are 5' thrown out after the manner represented in Fig. 10, whieh'causes the loose collar n to be moved longitudinally on the shaft 73 against the action of the spring 10. As the loose collar n is moved inthe direction of the arrow 30, Fig. 10, the lever 12 is permitted to be grnoved on its pivot by its sprin 15, the said I lever following the movement 0 the collar n. .As the lever 12 is moved from the position shown. in Fig. 9 to that shown in Fig. 10 it permits the spring 23 to turn the pointer g, through the gears 20 21, and as the speed of the vehicle decreases the spring 10 moves the ,loose collar 'n in the reverse direction, therev by moving the lever 12 backward or in the cdirec'tion'o posite to that indicated by the arrow 30, ig. 10, which movement of the lever 12 causes the pointer g to be moved in the reverse direction, through the pin 17, attached to the arm 18, which is connected with the shaft 19. At each mile traveled by the vehicle the pointer f i s moved one division of the set of graduations d, which is effected by means of the pin 50 operating the crank or arm- 49 on the rock-shaft s8, and simultaneously with the movement of the pointer I fthc distance of one graduation the totalizer is operated by the rockingmovenient of the shaft 48.

I claim 1. In an instrumentof the class described, 7 5 in combination, a dial provided with graduations, a pointer cooperating therewith, gearing to rotate said pointer, means to rotate said gearing, a lever controlling the operation of said means, a shaft operatively connected with the mechanism or vehicle whose speed is to be measured, a governor operatcd lrom said shaft and controlling the movement of said lever, a second pointer cooperating with said dial and concentric with the first1nen- 85 tioned pointenand mechanismv operativcly connected with said shaft to operate said second pointer step by step, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of he class described,

in combination, a main shaft, a governor operatively connected therewith and comprising a weight, links pivoted thereto and we tended in opposite directions, collars to which said links are pivoted, and a spring in- 5' terposed between said collars, means to secure one of said collars to said shaft, a lever cooperating with the other of said collars and moved in one direction by said spring, means to move said lever in the opposite direction, a 1 0o pointer or index, gearing connected to said pointer and actuated in one direction by movement of said lever, means to move said. gearing in an opposite direction, said means being controlled by said lever, second 1'65 pointer concentric with the first-mentioned pointer, a train of gears connected with said main-shaft, a stud or pin on one of saidgears;

a gear concentric with the first-mentioned pointer and to which said second pointer is connected to move therewith, and mechanism actuated by the said stud or pin for effect ing a step-by-stcp rotation of the gear carrying said second pointer.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a dial provided with grad uations, a pointer cooperating tl'ierewith, asha'ltto whici said pointer is secured, gearing to rotate said shaft, :1 spring to operate said gearing in one direction, a lever controlling 12c the action of said spring, a main shaft driven from the vehicle or mechanism Whose speed is to be measured, a centrifugal governor responsive to the speed of said main shaft and controlling the movement of the said lever, a 1 2 5 spring to act on said centrifugal governor and effect movement of said lever in a reverse direction, a second pointer, a gear loose on the shaft of the first-mentioned pointer and to which the second pointer is secured to move I 0 indicate the rate of travel therewith, and mechanism operated from the I main shaft to move said loose gear and its attached pointer step by step, substantially as described.

4. In an instrument of the class described, in combination, a dialprovided with two concentric sets of graduations, a pointer cooperating with one of said sets of graduations to indicate the rate of travel of the vehicle or of the mechanism whose speed is to be meas- I ured, a second pointer concentric with the firstanentioned pointer and cooperating with the other set of grad nations and movable step by step to indicate distance, a supporting-framework for said dial comprising a disk or plate to which said dial is secured, a bottom disk or plate and intermediate uprights attached to said disks orplates, a main or driving shaft sup orted by said framework between said dis S or plates, a centrifugal governor supported by the framework between said disks and operated from said main shaft, mechanism for operating one of said pointers located between said disks and under the control of said centrifugal governor, and mechanism for moving the other of said pointers located between said disks and operatively connected with the main shaft below the upper of said disks and with the said pointer above the upper of said disks, substantially as described.

5. In an instrument of the class described, .in combination, a dial provided with two concentric sets of graduations, a pointer cooperating with one of said sets of graduations to of the vehicle or of the mechanism 'whose speed'is to be measured, a second pointer concentric with the first-mentioned pointer and cooperating with the otherset of graduations and movable step by step to indicate distance, a supportingramework for said dial comprising a disk or plate to which said dial is secured, a bottom disk or plate and intermediate uprights attached to said disks or plates, amain or driving shaft supported by said framework between said disks or plates, a centrifugal governor supported bythe frameworkbetween said disks and operated from said main shaft, mechanism for operating one of said pointers located-between said disks and under the control of said centrifugal go'vernor, a totalizer supported by the upper disk or plate, and mechanism for moving the said totalizer and the other of said pointers, said mechanism bc ing supported by the framework below the upper of said disks and operativelyconnected with tl'e other of said pointers above said upper ,disk, substantially as described.

6 In an apparatus of the class described,

in combination, a main shaft, a governor operatively connected therewith and comprising a weight, links pivoted to said weight and extended in opposite directions, collars to which said links are pivoted, and a spring interposed between said collars, means to secure one of said collars to said shaft, a lever cooperating with the other of said collars and moved in one direction by said spring, a pointer or index, gearing connected to said pointer and actuated in one direction by movement of said lever, and means to move said gearing in the opposite direction, said means being controlled by the said lever, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a supporting frame comprising an upper disk, a lower disk substantially parallel therewith and intermediate uprights separating said disks, a dial secured to said upper disk and provided with concentric sets of graduations, a gear interposed between said dial and upper disk, a pointer located above said dial and secured to said gear to move therewith, said pointer cooperating with one set of graduations on said 'dial, a shaft extended through said gear anddial, a pointer secured to said shaft above said dial and cooperating with said second set of graduations on said dial, gearing connected with said shaft below said upper disk, a spring to turn said gearing in one direction, a lever pivotally mounted between said disks to move in a plane substantially parallel with said upper disk, an arm attached -to said gearing and cooperating with said lever to ter to control the action of said spring, a shaft supported between said disks substantially parallel therewith, a centrifugal governor mounted on said last-named shaft and with which said lever cooperates, a spring encircling said shaft to move said governor, levcr, gearing, and pointer in one direction; a main shaft supported between said disks substantially parallel therewith, gearing to con- 9s permit the lat- 'nect said main shaft with the governor-shaft, i

a train of gears supported between said disks and connected with said main shaft, a pin or projection on a gear of said train and mechanism actuated by said pin or projection for effecting intermittent rotation of the gear between the dial and upper disk and its attached pointer, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEON E. BLANCHARD. Witnesses: v

JAS. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY. 

